作者/Author(s): Jakub Grygel and A. Wess Mitchell 

網站來源/Source: Foreign Policy 

日期/Date: 02/12/2024 

關鍵字/Keywords: 軍事、和平 

摘要：

美國的對手正在擾亂歐洲、中東和亞洲的海外疆界，目的是在這些疆界中尋找防禦漏洞，或破壞西方主導的全球安全架構。美國目前礙於國內政治、供應限制和地理位置限制，無法有效應對這些騷擾，但美國應遵循五項原則。

  • 基於各國戰略位置和利益衝突，邊境衝突在全球問題層出不窮。美國必須現實地認識到，最好的辦法是管理邊境地區的暴力，而不是依賴國際機構。 
  • 由於友邦邊境國家處於面對對手的最前沿，他們與美國享有相似的利益，並且必須確保自己的生存，就必須維持良好的裝備、高度動員，才能有效嚇阻衝突。 
  • 對邊境國家進行預防性防禦是阻止攻擊並執行反攻的最佳策略。 
  • 如果美國失去一個邊境國家盟友，聲譽將嚴重受損。 
  • 想要收復或穩定已經失去的邊疆國家盟友，需要付出高額的代價。 
該文建議美國必須立即加強烏克蘭、以色列和台灣等前沿國家的防禦，防止對手試探防禦漏與美國的決心。雖然歐洲和中東已經發生衝突，但美國可以繼續武裝烏克蘭和以色列，同時為台灣可能發生的衝突做好準備。所有這些努力都是為了確保美國能夠維護國際秩序和安全。 
Summary: 
US adversaries are disturbing its overseas frontiers in Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, aiming to look for defense loopholes in these borders or to upset the Western-led global security architecture. Domestic politics, supply limitations, and geography hamper the US response to the disturbances, but there are five principles that the US should follow.
 
  • Conflict at the frontier is always possible due to its strategic location and conflicting interests. The US must realistically realize the best way is to manage the violence along the frontiers, not relying on international institutions.
  • Since frontier states are on the frontline facing adversaries, sharing similar interests with the US, and must ensure their survival, they must be well-equipped and highly motivated to deter conflict. 
  • A preclusive defense for frontier states is the best strategy to stop attacks and execute counteroffensives. 
  • If one frontier state is lost, it would tarnish the US reputation. 
  • A lost or abandoned frontier is costly to regain or stabilize. 
This article suggests the US must fortify frontier states such as Ukraine, Israel, and Taiwan immediately to prevent its rivals from testing defense loopholes or US resolve. Although conflicts have happened in Europe and the Middle East, the US could continue arming Ukraine and Israel while preparing Taiwan for possible conflict. All these efforts are to ensure the US can preserve the international order and security. 
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