習近平致力於通過其「總體國家安全觀」保障自己、中國特色社會主義制度和中共合法性的安全,聚焦於維護其政權的安全。對此,北京也制定了一系列的外交政策保障習近平在國外的政權合法性。雖然中國希望修補其與西方的關係,但中國需要在海外採取強硬行動來保護習近平的政權安全,這些行動不只無法修補中國與他國的關係,反而引起其他國家的擔憂並升級緊張局勢。
總體安全
- 在中共二十大上,習近平批評前任領導人沒有為中國提供足夠的安全保障,但在落實他的「總體國家安全觀」後,情況有所改善。
- 國家安全是國家復興的基礎,因此習近平表示,中國將繼續加強國內國家安全機構建設。
- 中央國家安全委員會致力於落實習近平的國家安全觀,並批准了監測風險和加強國內安全的政策。這也表明中共正在推動實踐國家安全政策。
- 習近平任命了經驗豐富的國家安全專家加入中共最高決策機構——中央政治局常務委員會,這表明他的目標是保護中共的領導地位。
安全優先
- 習近平認為國內和國際安全是連動的,中國內部穩定的威脅來自外部。因此,他非常關注外國滲透的可能性,並清除可能傳遞外國影響的組織。
- 習近平也將安全視為經濟發展和民族復興的前提。因此,他努力與敵對經濟體脫鉤、擴大內需、增強中國科技創新部門的能力以及實施《反外國制裁法》來實現更大的經濟自給自足。
- 雖然新的安全格局偶爾會被含糊其辭的提及,但其重要性和影響範圍,北京官員眾所周知。
- 習近平的預防性政權安全理論是自相矛盾的。他指示中共官員為中國營造一個良好的外部安全環境以保護中共的統治,並以防禦性的基礎合理化中國的積極行為。
Summary:
Xi Jinping is laser-focused on safeguarding his regime's security through his "comprehensive national security concept" that protects himself, the Chinese socialist system, and the legitimacy of the CCP. Beijing also formulated foreign policies to preserve Xi's internal regime security abroad. Although China hopes to mend broken ties with the West, it may take assertive actions overseas to protect Xi's regime security, instilling fears in its counterparts and escalating tensions.
Security in All Aspects
- In the 20th CCP Congress, Xi criticized previous leaders for not providing sufficient security for China, but the condition improved after implementing his comprehensive national security concept.
- National security is the foundation of national rejuvenation, and therefore, Xi indicated that China would continue to strengthen its domestic institutions for national security.
- The Central National Security Commission commits itself to implementing Xi's national security concepts and has approved policies to monitor risks and enhance domestic security. It also shows that the CCP is pushing for the implementation of the national security policies around them.
- Xi appointed experienced national security experts to the Politburo Standing Committee, the top decision-making organ of the CCP, which indicates his aim to preserve the CCP's leadership.
Prioritizing Security
- Xi views internal and external security as interconnected, as threats to China's internal stability come from outside. Therefore, he is vigilant about foreign infiltration and purged organizations that could disseminate foreign influence.
- Xi also views security as a precondition for economic development and national rejuvenation. Thus, Xi pursues greater economic self-sufficiency through decoupling from hostile economies, expanding domestic demand, empowering China's STI sectors, and implementing Anti-Foreign Sanctions Law.
- Although the new security pattern is occasionally mentioned and vague, its importance and reach are well-known among Beijing officials.
- Xi's preventive theory of regime security is paradoxical. He directed CCP officials to frame a benign external security environment for China to protect CCP's rule and justified Chinese aggressive behavior on a defensive basis.