作者：Neil Thomas
來源：Chinafile
日期：Jul 24, 2023

 

習近平於2012年就任中共總書記時，中國所面對的國內外環境有很強的包容性。然而，現今中國面臨國內社經問題和與美國及其盟友的戰略競爭，將阻礙其技術和經濟增長。北京現在面臨著政策制定與平衡的難題：

• 平衡經濟增長與安全
• 在防止與西方經濟脫鉤的同時平衡外交紛爭
• 平衡中共黨內派系鬥爭。

將一切都安全化

• 在習近平第三個任期間，他將安全放在首位，特別是對中國經濟的保護與關注。
• 習近平堅持把國家安全放在首位，並指示黨政機關制定政策，到 2035年前持續加強中國的總體國家安全。
• 雖然中國共產黨希望在2023年實現強勁的經濟增長，但實際上他們實施了各種反對西方商業的政策，這與其本身的目標相矛盾。
• 習近平認為，中國要追求經濟安全，必須要減少對西方的經濟和技術依賴，同時提高技術自給自足的能力，這也導致中國共產黨幾乎領導與主動干預中國經濟的各大面向。
• 中共還要求中國企業與其目標保持一致。這意味著習近平希望動員私營企業，共同推進他的黨國目標。
• COVID-19後的恢復和經濟發展仍然是習近平的主要關注重點。然而，北京可能會在經濟增長和安全之間搖擺，導致民眾和國際聽眾產生困惑與不確定性。

When Xi Jinping took office in 2012 as CCP's general secretary, China's domestic and international environment was permissible and accommodating. However, China is now marred with domestic socioeconomic problems and strategic competition with the US and its allies that will impede its technological and economic growth. Beijing now faces tough choices in balancing its policymaking:

• Balancing economic growth with security
• Balancing diplomatic strife while preventing economic decoupling with the West
• Balancing factional contests within the CCP

Securitization of Everything

• Xi prioritized security, especially the Chinese economy, in his third term.
• Xi upheld that national security must come first and instructed party organs to devise policies to enhance China's comprehensive national security by 2035.
• Although CCP hopes for strong economic growth in 2023, it contradicts itself by implementing various anti-Western business policies.
• Xi believes China must pursue economic security by reducing its economic and technological reliance on the West and increasing technological self-reliance. It results in the CCP's leadership and intervention in almost all aspects of the Chinese economy.
• The CCP also requires Chinese firms to align their policy with its objectives. It signifies Xi hopes to mobilize private-sector activities to advance his party-state objectives.
• Post-COVID recovery and economic development are still Xi's key interests. Yet, Beijing may confuse its people and the international audience or cause uncertainty by swinging between economic growth and security.