FA: 當貿易成為戰爭的起因 (Part 3:中國) 

 

作者/Author(s): Dale C. Copeland 

原文來源/Source: Foreign Affairs 

日期/Date: 08/23/2022 

主題/Key Topics: Economic, War, IR Theory 

摘要:

本節將討論中國前十年為何如此好戰的邏輯。中國對世界其他國家有著高度對稱的經濟依賴性。中國大多是進口原材料,將其製成品出口,這讓他們有能力以選擇性禁運威脅其貿易夥伴。不過,這也帶給中國一些未知的短期脆弱性。例如,若中國像俄羅斯一樣受到嚴厲的制裁,中國經濟可能會整個崩盤。這種脆弱性對北京的擴張主義是一種威懾,特別是防範其侵略台海。 
 

 面臨黯淡的經濟前景,中國可能會採取激進的手法 

  • 中國高度依賴台積電的高品質半導體晶片來製造用於出口和軍事用途的高端技術產品 
  • 如果美國限制中國獲得這些晶片的途徑,中國可能會入侵台灣以掌握晶片生產工廠 
美國可以預測中國的貿易環境,並藉此改變中國共產黨的行動 
  • 美國可以向中國保證,如果他們停止敵意,就會從台灣持續供應晶片。這給了中國一個積極的經濟前景,減少了台海危機的可能性 
  • 中國可能會反對上述提議,因為這等於暴露了北京在高科技經濟和軍事力量方面的無能 
  • 然而,中國必定會意識到,入侵台灣將招致無情的經濟制裁、貿易暫停以及台灣晶片廠的供應斷裂。因此,中國完全有理由克制自己的行為 
 

第一部分:理論部分 

第二部分:俄羅斯 

第四部分:給全球的啟示 
 

Summary: 

This section discusses the logic of China’s belligerence in the current decade. China has high symmetrical economic dependence on the rest of the world. China imports raw materials to export manufactured goods, giving it the power to threaten trade partners with selective embargoes. However, economic interdependence presents some unknown short-term vulnerabilities. If China is punished severely like Russia, its economy will be ruined. This vulnerability is a deterrent to Beijing’s expansionism, especially in preventing a Taiwan invasion.

China may resort to aggressive maneuvers if it faces a gloomy economic future.  

  • China depends highly on TSMC’s high-quality small dimensions semiconductor chips to manufacture high-end technological products for exports and military uses. 
  • If the US restricts China’s access to the chips, it may invade Taiwan to obtain the chip-production factories. 

The US can capitalize on China’s trade environment forecasts to alter CCPS’s behavior. 
  • The US can reassure China of continuous chip supplies from Taiwan if they stop their hostility. This gives China a positive economic outlook and reduces the possibility of a cross-strait crisis.  
  • China may object to the proposal above because it exposes Beijing’s incompetence in the high-tech economy and military power.  
  • However, China will realize that an invasion of Taiwan will lead to relentless economic sanctions, loss of trade relations, and the destruction of Taiwan’s chip-making facilities. Therefore, China has all the reasons to restrain its behavior. 

Part 1: Theory 

Part 2: Russia 

Part 4: The Lessons