作者/Author(s): Anchal Vohra 

網站來源/Source: Foreign Policy 

日期/Date: 12/19/2023 

關鍵字/Keywords: 軍事、科技 

摘要：

自1980年代以來，以色列為了要應付鄰國的飛彈騷擾，已發展出多種最先進的防禦系統，並加速開發新型制空防禦系統。雖然美國為以色列的軍事建設提供了不少軍事援助，但這些進步也歸功於以色列自1950起就與科技公司保持緊密連結。 

  • 以色列將科技教育作為國防的優先事項，從事國防軍事技術學術研究的人，甚至可以延後服役。 
  • 以色列雖然國土面積小，但科技創業者人數也很多。即使創業失敗率很高，但政府願意為企業提供啟動資金。 
  • 官僚主義風氣不盛，國家安全優先於利潤、以色列國防軍（IDF）願意嘗試新技術，以及共同的文化，促進了軍方與私營科技公司之間緊密合作。 
  • 有的科技公司甚至會遷移到衝突區域附近測試技術，協助以色列國防軍收集和分析情報。
  • 以色列在戰爭中使用人工智慧技術的能力也處於領先地位，雖然這也被批評為造成大量平民傷的因素之一。 

Summary: 
Facing constant missile attacks from neighboring countries, Israel has developed various state-of-the-art defense systems since the 1980s and is hastening the development of new anti-air defense systems. Although the US provides military aid to Israel to build its military, the core of Israel's military strength comes from its close ties with technology companies that date back to the 1950s.  
  • Israel prioritized science and technology education for the nation's defense and even delayed compulsory military service to those who pursue academic research to develop military technology. 
  • Israel also has a high number of technology entrepreneurs despite its small land. Although the failure rate is high, the government is willing to provide start-up funds to the companies.
  • Low bureaucratic barriers, prioritizing national security over profit, IDF's willingness to experiment with new technologies, and a common culture drive close collaboration between the military and private technology companies. 
  • Technology companies also relocate to the proximity of conflict zones to test their technology and assist the IDF in gathering and analyzing intelligence. 
  • Israel is also in the pole position in using AI in war, although it is criticized as a factor in the high civilian casualties.  
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