作者/Author(s): Doug Livermore 

網站來源/Source: Atlantic Council 

日期/Date: 01/29/2025 

關鍵字/Keywords: 軍事、烏克蘭、特種作戰部隊 

 
摘要：
自 2022 年俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭以來，許多觀察家都注意到西方向烏克蘭提供軍事訓練的重要性。然而，西方同樣可以從烏克蘭特種作戰部隊（SOF）的成功經驗中學習，這些經驗可能影響未來的軍事學說發展。 
  • 烏克蘭特種作戰部隊擁有高度適應能力，能適應不同作戰環境，作戰效果極為顯著。 
  1. 其小型單位能快速重組，有效妨礙俄羅斯機械化部隊。 
  2. 特種作戰部隊會根據戰場回饋不斷創新戰術，以克服數量上的劣勢。此外，他們還將民用基礎設施與技術融入戰爭行動。 
  3. 最重要的是，特種作戰部隊的去中心化指揮決策體系，能夠迅速應對突發威脅並抓住戰場機會。 
  • 烏克蘭特種作戰部隊在戰場準備、收集情報和建立抵抗網路方面發揮關鍵作用，這些細節對烏克蘭常規部隊至關重要。 
  1. 自克里米亞被俄羅斯併吞以來，烏克蘭特種作戰部隊在北約的協助下進行了大規模改革。 
  2. 這讓烏克蘭有能力在俄羅斯可能入侵的路線上建立抵抗系統，戰爭爆發後即時打擊俄羅斯的後勤補給、指揮中心與通訊系統。 
  3. 特種作戰部隊能夠與常規部隊協調作戰，透過情報分享與戰場評估，為烏國軍隊佔據更多戰場優勢。 
  • 俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭凸顯了非正規戰爭在現代衝突中的重要性。烏克蘭特種作戰部隊有效執行了幾項非正規作戰戰術，產生了具象徵性的戰果。 
  1. 特種作戰部隊成功運用資訊戰來影響國內外輿論，擾亂俄軍戰略規劃，並打擊俄軍士氣。 
  2. 技術是特種作戰部隊作戰的核心要素。為提升作戰能力，特種部隊整合並運用不同的軍事與商用技術。 
  • 對西方的重要啟示：  
  1. 新的軍事理論應該強調靈活性和適應性在部隊結構中的重要性，以及整合特種作戰部隊支援常規部隊。 
  2. 軍方必須能夠整合和適應技術，以滿足戰場需求。
Summary: 
Since Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, many observers have noted the West's importance in providing military training to Ukraine. However, the West could also learn from Ukraine's Special Operation Forces (SOF) successes, which may shape future military doctrines. 
  • Ukraine SOF's remarkable adaptability in different combat conditions made them highly effective. 
  1. Its rapid reconfiguration of small units hampers Russian mechanized forces. 
  2. Notably, the SOF used innovative techniques that evolved according to battlefield feedback to overcome numerical disadvantages. The SOF also incorporated civilian infrastructure and technologies into their warfighting. 
  3. Most importantly, the decentralized decision-making command structure quickly responded to incoming threats and opportunities. 
  • The SOF is also critical in preparing the battlefield, collecting intelligence, and creating resistance networks crucial for Ukraine's conventional military forces. 
  1. Since the annexation of Crimea, the SOF underwent considerable reforms with NATO's assistance. 
  2. The reform allowed Ukraine to create resistance networks across potential invasion routes, subsequently enabling Ukraine to attack Russian logistics, command centers, and communications systems in real time. 
  3. The SOF could coordinate with conventional forces by sharing crucial intelligence and battle assessments, giving Ukraine forces a battlefield advantage. 
  • The Russian invasion of Ukraine heightened the significance of unconventional warfare in modern conflict. The SOF effectively implemented several unconventional warfare tactics that had symbolic strategic consequences. 
  1. The SOF effectively employed information warfare campaigns to allure domestic and international audiences, complicate Russian war planning, and demoralize Russian forces. 
  2. Technology is central to the SOF's operations. To enhance operations, the SOF utilized and integrated different military and commercial technologies. 
  • Some critical lessons for the West: 
  1. New doctrines should stress the importance of flexibility and adaptability in force structure and integration of SOF to support conventional forces. 
  2. The military must be able to integrate and adapt technologies to suit battlefield requirements. 
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